{"id":5165,"date":"2026-10-23T12:15:40","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T16:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/?p=5165"},"modified":"2026-10-23T12:15:40","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T16:15:40","slug":"vacuna-arnm-reduce-42-riesgo-recaida-melanoma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/salud\/vacuna-arnm-reduce-42-riesgo-recaida-melanoma\/","title":{"rendered":"UNA VACUNA DE ARNm REDUCE UN 42% EL RIESGO DE RECA\u00cdDA DEL MELANOMA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Una vacuna personalizada de ARN mensajero contra el c\u00e1ncer ha conseguido reducir en un 42% el riesgo de reca\u00edda o muerte por melanoma<\/strong> cuando se administra junto con la inmunoterapia Keytruda, seg\u00fan los resultados de un ensayo cl\u00ednico de fase 3 con m\u00e1s de 1.100 pacientes.<\/p>\n

Los datos, divulgados por Moderna y Merck, sit\u00faan a esta estrategia entre los avances m\u00e1s importantes de la medicina personalizada contra el c\u00e1ncer. El tratamiento experimental, denominado intismeran autogene<\/strong>, se fabrica espec\u00edficamente para cada paciente a partir de las mutaciones presentes en su propio tumor.<\/p>\n

Una vacuna dise\u00f1ada para cada tumor<\/strong><\/p>\n

A diferencia de una vacuna convencional destinada a prevenir una infecci\u00f3n, intismeran busca entrenar al sistema inmunitario para reconocer caracter\u00edsticas moleculares particulares de las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas de cada paciente. La terapia utiliza ARNm para instruir al organismo a identificar esas mutaciones y dirigir contra ellas una respuesta inmunitaria.<\/p>\n

En el ensayo, la vacuna se administr\u00f3 junto con Keytruda (pembrolizumab)<\/strong>, uno de los medicamentos de inmunoterapia m\u00e1s utilizados contra distintos tipos de c\u00e1ncer. Los pacientes hab\u00edan sido sometidos previamente a cirug\u00eda para extirpar melanomas de alto riesgo.<\/p>\n

Despu\u00e9s de dos a\u00f1os, el 82,2% de quienes recibieron la combinaci\u00f3n permanec\u00eda libre de c\u00e1ncer<\/strong>, frente al 70% de los pacientes tratados \u00fanicamente con Keytruda. El estudio tambi\u00e9n mostr\u00f3 una reducci\u00f3n del 38% en el riesgo de que el c\u00e1ncer se extendiera a otras partes del organismo o provocara la muerte.<\/p>\n

El primer gran ensayo de su tipo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Los resultados representan los primeros datos de fase 3 que muestran que una vacuna personalizada basada en las mutaciones del tumor puede mejorar los resultados obtenidos con un inhibidor de puntos de control inmunitario.<\/p>\n

El ensayo evalu\u00f3 nueve dosis de la vacuna administradas junto con Keytruda. El tratamiento comenz\u00f3 aproximadamente 13 semanas despu\u00e9s de la cirug\u00eda y fue comparado con Keytruda utilizado como terapia \u00fanica.<\/p>\n

Moderna y Merck preparan ahora la documentaci\u00f3n para solicitar autorizaci\u00f3n regulatoria en Estados Unidos. Moderna ha se\u00f1alado que, si el proceso avanza seg\u00fan lo previsto, la vacuna podr\u00eda llegar al mercado en 2027<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

La pr\u00f3xima frontera del tratamiento personalizado<\/strong><\/p>\n

La misma combinaci\u00f3n ya se estudia en otros tumores, entre ellos c\u00e1ncer de ri\u00f1\u00f3n, vejiga y pulm\u00f3n. Sin embargo, los investigadores advierten que todav\u00eda debe demostrarse si el beneficio observado en melanoma puede reproducirse con la misma magnitud en otros tipos de c\u00e1ncer.<\/p>\n

Los resultados completos ser\u00e1n presentados en el congreso de la Sociedad Europea de Oncolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica en Madrid. Aunque a\u00fan faltan datos de supervivencia a m\u00e1s largo plazo, el ensayo coloca a las vacunas personalizadas de ARNm mucho m\u00e1s cerca de convertirse en una herramienta cl\u00ednica contra el c\u00e1ncer.<\/p>\n

El melanoma sigue siendo una de las formas m\u00e1s agresivas de c\u00e1ncer de piel. Si estos resultados se mantienen con el seguimiento de los pacientes, una tecnolog\u00eda conocida mundialmente por las vacunas contra enfermedades infecciosas podr\u00eda abrir ahora una etapa distinta: vacunas fabricadas para ense\u00f1ar al sistema inmunitario a perseguir el c\u00e1ncer particular de cada paciente.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Una vacuna personalizada de ARNm de Moderna y Merck, combinada con Keytruda, redujo un 42% el riesgo de reca\u00edda o muerte por melanoma en un ensayo de fase 3.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":284226809,"featured_media":5166,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"csg_event_key":"","csg_evidence":""},"categories":[33205457,2127],"tags":[33207489,33207492,33207491,33207490],"class_list":["post-5165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-al-dia","category-salud","tag-melanoma","tag-merck","tag-moderna","tag-vacuna-contra-el-cancer"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUNA 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