{"id":5026,"date":"2026-10-22T16:17:11","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T20:17:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/?p=5026"},"modified":"2026-10-22T17:00:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T21:00:04","slug":"hubble-atajo-materia-oscura-roman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/ciencia\/cosmos\/hubble-atajo-materia-oscura-roman\/","title":{"rendered":"HUBBLE REVELA UN ATAJO HACIA LA MATERIA OSCURA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>El telescopio espacial Hubble acaba de convertir una alineaci\u00f3n c\u00f3smica extraordinaria en una herramienta para la pr\u00f3xima gran etapa de la astronom\u00eda: medir la materia oscura con el futuro telescopio Nancy Grace Roman.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La NASA public\u00f3 este 22 de octubre una nueva observaci\u00f3n en la que una galaxia el\u00edptica situada a unos 4.500 millones de a\u00f1os luz act\u00faa como una gigantesca lente gravitacional. Su gravedad curva el espacio-tiempo y deforma la luz de otra galaxia mucho m\u00e1s distante, localizada a unos 8.000 millones de a\u00f1os luz.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Una lupa fabricada por la gravedad<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>El fen\u00f3meno se conoce como lente gravitacional. Cuando una galaxia masiva queda alineada casi perfectamente entre la Tierra y otro objeto mucho m\u00e1s lejano, su campo gravitatorio desv\u00eda y amplifica la luz procedente del fondo.<\/p>\n<p>En la imagen obtenida por Hubble, la galaxia distante aparece duplicada en forma de dos arcos: uno grande y claramente visible y otro m\u00e1s peque\u00f1o e invertido al lado opuesto de la galaxia que funciona como lente. Los astr\u00f3nomos denominan a esta configuraci\u00f3n un par arco-contraarco.<\/p>\n<p>La distorsi\u00f3n no es solamente una curiosidad visual. Su intensidad permite calcular cu\u00e1nta masa contiene la galaxia situada en primer plano.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>La materia que no podemos ver<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ah\u00ed aparece uno de los grandes enigmas de la cosmolog\u00eda. La cantidad de materia visible de una galaxia no basta para explicar toda la deformaci\u00f3n gravitatoria observada. La diferencia permite a los cient\u00edficos estimar cu\u00e1nto material invisible \u2014materia oscura\u2014 debe estar presente.<\/p>\n<p>La materia oscura no emite ni refleja luz, pero sus efectos gravitatorios pueden medirse. Se considera que constituye la mayor parte de la materia del universo y entender c\u00f3mo est\u00e1 distribuida es esencial para reconstruir la formaci\u00f3n de galaxias y estructuras c\u00f3smicas.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Hubble prepara el terreno para Roman<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>La nueva observaci\u00f3n forma parte de una colecci\u00f3n de lentes gravitacionales que Hubble est\u00e1 estudiando para preparar el trabajo cient\u00edfico del telescopio espacial Nancy Grace Roman.<\/p>\n<p>Hubble puede obtener im\u00e1genes extremadamente detalladas de objetos individuales, pero su campo de visi\u00f3n es relativamente peque\u00f1o. Roman observar\u00e1 \u00e1reas mucho mayores del cielo principalmente en infrarrojo, lo que permitir\u00e1 localizar y estudiar una poblaci\u00f3n de lentes gravitacionales muy superior.<\/p>\n<p>Los investigadores est\u00e1n utilizando las im\u00e1genes precisas de Hubble para construir modelos inform\u00e1ticos capaces de reconocer y medir las distorsiones producidas por materia oscura. Esos modelos podr\u00e1n aplicarse posteriormente a las grandes panor\u00e1micas de Roman.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Una galaxia de hace 8.000 millones de a\u00f1os<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>La luz de la galaxia que act\u00faa como lente comenz\u00f3 su viaje hacia nosotros cuando el sistema solar apenas estaba form\u00e1ndose. La galaxia del fondo est\u00e1 todav\u00eda m\u00e1s lejos: la vemos como era hace aproximadamente 8.000 millones de a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<p>Entre ambas, la gravedad convierte el universo en su propio telescopio. Hubble registra ahora esas deformaciones con enorme precisi\u00f3n; Roman podr\u00e1 encontrarlas a una escala mucho mayor.<\/p>\n<p>La combinaci\u00f3n promete algo que ning\u00fan observatorio podr\u00eda conseguir por s\u00ed solo: utilizar miles de lentes naturales repartidas por el cosmos para dibujar un mapa cada vez m\u00e1s preciso de una sustancia que nadie ha visto directamente. La materia oscura contin\u00faa invisible, pero su huella gravitatoria es cada vez m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil de esconder.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El telescopio espacial Hubble acaba de convertir una alineaci\u00f3n c\u00f3smica extraordinaria en una herramienta para la pr\u00f3xima gran etapa de la astronom\u00eda: medir la materia oscura con el futuro telescopio Nancy Grace Roman. La NASA public\u00f3 este 22 de octubre una nueva observaci\u00f3n en la que una galaxia el\u00edptica situada a unos 4.500 millones de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":284226809,"featured_media":5031,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[33205457,33205423],"tags":[33205980,33205986,33207452,33207453],"class_list":["post-5026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-al-dia","category-cosmos","tag-hubble","tag-lente-gravitacional","tag-materia-oscura","tag-telescopio-roman"],"acf":{"introduccion":"","fuentes_y_referencias":"NASA Science \u2014 NASA\u2019s Hubble Charts Path for Roman with Gravitational Lenses (22 de octubre de 2026): https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/missions\/hubble\/nasas-hubble-charts-path-for-roman-with-gravitational-lenses\/","autor":[748]},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - 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La publicaci\u00f3n diaria de im\u00e1genes astron\u00f3micas de la NASA dedica su edici\u00f3n a NGC 206, una asociaci\u00f3n estelar que permite comprender c\u00f3mo nacen las estrellas en una galaxia\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;AL D\u00cdA!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"AL D\u00cdA!","link":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/category\/al-dia\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Mosaico panor\u00e1mico del disco de la galaxia de Andr\u00f3meda","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Andromeda-%E2%80%94-mosaico-Hubble-NASA-ESA-B.-Williams.jpg?fit=1200%2C281&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Andromeda-%E2%80%94-mosaico-Hubble-NASA-ESA-B.-Williams.jpg?fit=1200%2C281&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Andromeda-%E2%80%94-mosaico-Hubble-NASA-ESA-B.-Williams.jpg?fit=1200%2C281&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Andromeda-%E2%80%94-mosaico-Hubble-NASA-ESA-B.-Williams.jpg?fit=1200%2C281&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Andromeda-%E2%80%94-mosaico-Hubble-NASA-ESA-B.-Williams.jpg?fit=1200%2C281&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":6610,"url":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/ciencia\/cosmos\/37-galaxias-enanas-misterio-oxigeno-perdido\/","url_meta":{"origin":5026,"position":5},"title":"37 GALAXIAS ENANAS ESCONDEN EL MISTERIO DEL OX\u00cdGENO PERDIDO","author":"Ca\u00f1asanta","date":"November 2, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Un estudio de 37 galaxias enanas cercanas ha encontrado algo que no encaja con lo esperado: gran parte del ox\u00edgeno producido por sus estrellas parece haber desaparecido. El resultado obliga a mirar de nuevo c\u00f3mo las galaxias peque\u00f1as fabrican, retienen y expulsan los elementos pesados que terminan formando nuevas estrellas,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;AL D\u00cdA!&quot;","block_context":{"text":"AL D\u00cdA!","link":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/category\/al-dia\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Galaxia enana NGC 4449 observada por el telescopio espacial Hubble, con regiones de formaci\u00f3n estelar y gas brillante.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/NGC-4449-%E2%80%94-galaxia-enana-estudiada-por-Hubble.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/NGC-4449-%E2%80%94-galaxia-enana-estudiada-por-Hubble.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/NGC-4449-%E2%80%94-galaxia-enana-estudiada-por-Hubble.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/NGC-4449-%E2%80%94-galaxia-enana-estudiada-por-Hubble.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/NGC-4449-%E2%80%94-galaxia-enana-estudiada-por-Hubble.jpg?fit=1200%2C900&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/canasanta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Hubble-abre-camino-hacia-la-materia-oscura.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/284226809"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5026"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5033,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5026\/revisions\/5033"}],"acf:post":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/autor\/748"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}