{"id":4104,"date":"2026-10-18T19:26:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-18T23:26:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/uncategorized\/elias-2-24-b-planeta-mas-joven-conocido\/"},"modified":"2026-10-18T19:29:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-18T23:29:10","slug":"elias-2-24-b-planeta-mas-joven-conocido","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/ciencia\/cosmos\/elias-2-24-b-planeta-mas-joven-conocido\/","title":{"rendered":"El planeta m\u00e1s joven conocido tiene menos de un mill\u00f3n de a\u00f1os"},"content":{"rendered":"

Astr\u00f3nomos han confirmado un mundo de menos de un mill\u00f3n de a\u00f1os que todav\u00eda crece dentro del disco de gas y polvo de su estrella. Elias 2-24 b es, hasta ahora, el planeta m\u00e1s joven conocido y obliga a revisar cu\u00e1nto tiempo necesita realmente un gigante gaseoso para formarse.<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

 <\/p>\r\n

El hallazgo sit\u00faa a los astr\u00f3nomos frente a una etapa de la formaci\u00f3n planetaria que casi nunca puede observarse directamente. Elias 2-24 b orbita una estrella joven situada a unos 450 a\u00f1os luz de la Tierra y permanece incrustado en el material del que naci\u00f3.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Un planeta todav\u00eda en construcci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

El equipo encabezado por Andrea Bernardi analiz\u00f3 observaciones archivadas de siete estrellas j\u00f3venes obtenidas con el coron\u00f3grafo del Observatorio W. M. Keck, en Haw\u00e1i. Este instrumento bloquea gran parte de la luz de la estrella y permite buscar objetos mucho m\u00e1s d\u00e9biles escondidos en los discos circundantes.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

En el sistema Elias 2-24 ya se conoc\u00eda una brecha llamativa dentro del disco protoplanetario. Observaciones anteriores de ALMA y del Very Large Telescope hab\u00edan sugerido que all\u00ed pod\u00eda existir un planeta. Los datos de Keck de 2018 y 2020 permitieron seguir el movimiento del objeto y comprobar que se comportaba como un planeta en \u00f3rbita, y no como un artefacto de imagen o una estrella de fondo.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

La investigaci\u00f3n fue publicada el 16 de septiembre de 2026 en The Astrophysical Journal Letters<\/em>. NASA difundi\u00f3 ese mismo d\u00eda los resultados y confirm\u00f3 que el sistema tiene menos de un mill\u00f3n de a\u00f1os.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00a0<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Demasiado joven para los modelos actuales<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

La edad es precisamente lo que convierte a Elias 2-24 b en un objeto excepcional. Los anteriores poseedores del r\u00e9cord \u2014planetas de los sistemas PDS 70 y WISPIT 2\u2014 superan los cinco millones de a\u00f1os. Este nuevo mundo reduce dr\u00e1sticamente esa escala temporal.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Los modelos convencionales calculan que un planeta del tama\u00f1o de J\u00fapiter necesita alrededor de cinco millones de a\u00f1os para formarse a una distancia comparable a la \u00f3rbita de J\u00fapiter. Elias 2-24 b no solo parece haberlo hecho mucho antes: se encuentra aproximadamente 55 veces m\u00e1s lejos de su estrella que la Tierra del Sol.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Eso plantea un problema f\u00edsico importante. Cuanto mayor es la distancia a la estrella, m\u00e1s lentamente deber\u00eda acumularse el material necesario para construir un gigante gaseoso mediante los mecanismos cl\u00e1sicos de formaci\u00f3n. La existencia de un planeta tan joven y tan alejado indica que algunos procesos pueden operar con una eficiencia que los modelos actuales todav\u00eda no reproducen bien.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00a0<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Una ventana al nacimiento de los mundos<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

La mayor\u00eda de los m\u00e1s de 6.000 exoplanetas confirmados son mundos maduros. Los planetas reci\u00e9n nacidos resultan extremadamente dif\u00edciles de detectar porque permanecen ocultos entre polvo y gas, precisamente en la regi\u00f3n donde se est\u00e1n formando.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Elias 2-24 b ofrece una oportunidad poco com\u00fan: estudiar un planeta mientras todav\u00eda interact\u00faa con el disco que lo alimenta. Su posici\u00f3n dentro de una brecha del disco respalda adem\u00e1s la idea de que los planetas j\u00f3venes pueden ir esculpiendo el material a medida que crecen.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

La confirmaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n demuestra el valor de combinar observaciones realizadas durante a\u00f1os por distintos observatorios. La pr\u00f3xima generaci\u00f3n de instrumentos coronogr\u00e1ficos permitir\u00e1 buscar objetos a\u00fan m\u00e1s dif\u00edciles de separar del resplandor de sus estrellas.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00a0<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elias 2-24 b a\u00fan se est\u00e1 formando dentro del disco de gas y polvo de su estrella. Su extrema juventud desaf\u00eda los modelos sobre la velocidad a la que pueden nacer los planetas gigantes.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":284226809,"featured_media":4102,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[33205457,33205423],"tags":[33207062,33205685,33205684,33207063],"class_list":["post-4104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-al-dia","category-cosmos","tag-elias-2-24-b","tag-exoplanetas","tag-formacion-planetaria","tag-observatorio-keck"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEl planeta m\u00e1s joven conocido tiene menos de un mill\u00f3n de a\u00f1os - Ca\u00f1asanta<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/canasanta.ca\/en\/science\/cosmos\/elias-2-24-b-planeta-mas-joven-conocido\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El planeta m\u00e1s joven conocido tiene menos de un mill\u00f3n de a\u00f1os\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Elias 2-24 b a\u00fan se est\u00e1 formando dentro del disco de gas y polvo de su estrella. 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